Beef Organ Supplements: A Comprehensive Analysis of Nutritional Value, Health Claims, and Safety Considerations

The consumption of animal organs, also known as offal, has a long history in traditional diets across various cultures, recognized for their high nutrient density.

In contemporary society, beef organ supplements have emerged as a convenient way to incorporate these nutrient-rich foods without the need for preparation or consumption of whole organs.

These supplements, often presented in capsule form, are derived from bovine organs and are gaining popularity among health-conscious individuals seeking to enhance their nutritional intake ¹.

>> Click to check the price of the Beef Organ Supplement on Amazon and start your wellness journey today!

This report aims to provide a comprehensive, evidence-based overview of beef organ supplements, encompassing their composition, purported health benefits, potential risks, manufacturing processes, recommended dosages, the scientific evidence underpinning their claims, and a comparison of available products.

Understanding Beef Organ Supplements

Beef organ supplements are typically manufactured from the organs of cows, which are freeze-dried, ground into a powder, and then encapsulated ¹. These products are also sometimes referred to as organ complex supplements, particularly when they contain a blend of multiple organs ¹. The process of desiccation, or freeze-drying, is crucial in preserving the nutrient content of the organs before they are processed into a powdered form suitable for encapsulation ³.

Among the various bovine organs utilized in these supplements, several stand out for their nutritional profiles and purported benefits ⁴. The liver is often included due to its role in supporting liver health, energy demands, metabolism, and methylation processes. It is considered a nutrient-dense superfood, abundant in vitamin A, heme iron, vitamin B12, and folate ⁴.

The heart is another common component, believed to promote cardiovascular and blood pressure health, and is a significant source of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) ⁴. The kidney is included for its role in detoxification pathways and supporting immune defense, providing selenium and vitamin B12 ⁴. The spleen is recognized as a concentrated source of heme iron, which is beneficial for immune and allergy health, and it also plays a role in the metabolic health of blood cells ⁴.

The pancreas is valued for its contribution of digestive enzymes, such as amylase, protease, and lipase, which are essential for optimal digestion ⁴. While these are the most common organs, some supplements may also contain other bovine components like tongue, lungs, brain, gallbladder, and adrenal glands ².

>> Click to check the price of the Beef Organ Supplement on Amazon and start your wellness journey today!

The practice of combining multiple organs in a single supplement formulation suggests an intent to leverage the potential synergistic effects of various nutrients or to offer a broad spectrum of nutritional support ¹². The selection of specific organs often aligns with the traditional concept that consuming an animal organ can benefit the corresponding organ in the human body, a principle sometimes referred to as “like supports like” ¹². While this concept lacks robust scientific validation, it remains a prevalent theme in the marketing of these supplements.

Nutritional Profile and Purported Health Benefits

Beef organs are recognized for their rich and diverse nutritional content, often surpassing that of muscle meats ³. They are particularly abundant in B-vitamins, including vitamin B12 and folate, as well as essential minerals such as iron, magnesium, selenium, zinc, copper, and phosphorus ¹¹. Additionally, they contain important fat-soluble vitamins like vitamins A, D, E, and K, and serve as an excellent source of complete protein, providing all nine essential amino acids ¹¹. The specific nutritional profile can vary slightly depending on the particular organ ¹¹.

Liver, for instance, stands out as a powerhouse of nutrients, containing high levels of vitamin A, vitamin B12, iron, choline, and folic acid ³. Heart is notable for its high concentration of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), along with vitamin B12, collagen, and elastin ⁴. Kidney is a significant source of selenium and vitamin B12, and also contains diamine oxidase (DAO) ⁴. Spleen is exceptionally rich in heme iron and also provides vitamin C, selenium, and unique peptides such as splenin, tuftsin, and splenopentin ⁴. The pancreas is primarily valued for its naturally occurring digestive enzymes, including amylase, protease, and lipase ⁴.

Manufacturers of beef organ supplements often tout a range of health benefits associated with their consumption ³. These purported benefits include boosting the immune system, which is attributed to the presence of vitamins A and C, zinc, selenium, and spleen-specific peptides ³. Some proponents claim that these supplements can lead to increased energy levels and reduced fatigue, likely due to the high content of B vitamins, iron, and CoQ10 found in organs like liver and heart ³. The presence of peptides and collagen in some organ supplements is marketed for promoting healthy skin and muscles ³. Supplements containing pancreas are claimed to improve digestive health due to the natural digestive enzymes they provide ³.

The choline and B vitamins found in organs like liver and heart are suggested to contribute to boosting brain health and cognitive function ³. Heart health is another purported benefit, linked to the presence of CoQ10 and B vitamins, particularly in beef heart ³. Some manufacturers also suggest that beef organ supplements can support detoxification pathways, attributed to the liver and kidney content ⁴. Improved nutrient absorption is another claimed benefit, linked to the digestive enzymes from the pancreas ²⁴. Furthermore, some suggest that these supplements can support exercise performance and recovery due to nutrients like CoQ10 and amino acids found in heart and other organs ¹³. Finally, the zinc content in organs like liver is mentioned for its role in hormonal balance ³¹.

>> Click to check the price of the Beef Organ Supplement on Amazon and start your wellness journey today!

While these purported benefits align with the known functions of the abundant nutrients present in beef organs, it is important to note that these claims are primarily based on the nutritional profiles of whole foods. The efficacy of these nutrients when delivered in supplement form can be influenced by factors such as bioavailability and concentration.

Potential Risks, Side Effects, and Contraindications

Despite the nutritional richness of beef organ supplements, there are potential risks, side effects, and contraindications associated with their consumption ².

One significant concern is vitamin A toxicity (hypervitaminosis A), which can arise from the high levels of this fat-soluble vitamin found in the liver ³². Excessive vitamin A intake can lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headaches, vision disturbances, skin and hair problems, and in severe cases, even liver damage ³³. It is worth noting that vitamin A toxicity is more commonly associated with synthetic forms of the vitamin and extremely high doses ³². Natural vitamin A from sources like beef liver is less likely to cause toxicity when consumed within recommended guidelines ³³.

Another potential risk, although currently low due to stringent regulations, is the transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease. This concern is primarily associated with supplements containing bovine brain, spleen, and kidneys ².

As with any supplement, there is a potential for heavy metal contamination, although reputable brands often conduct third-party testing to ensure purity ¹³. Some individuals may experience digestive complaints such as nausea, stomach cramps, or an upset stomach, which could be due to the potency of the supplements or the presence of additives and fillers ¹². The high purine content in organ meats can also aggravate gout in susceptible individuals by increasing uric acid levels ³. Furthermore, some supplements may contain fillers and additives like artificial colors, preservatives, soy, gluten, or lactose, which can trigger allergic reactions in sensitive individuals ³². If the cattle from which the organs are sourced were conventionally raised, there is a potential for antibiotic residues to be present in the supplements ³². High levels of copper in the liver can also pose a risk of copper toxicity if consumed in excessive amounts ³⁴. Finally, beef organ supplements may potentially interact with medications or exacerbate existing health conditions ³.

Certain conditions may contraindicate the use of beef organ supplements ². Individuals with hemochromatosis, an iron overload disorder, should avoid these supplements due to their high iron content, particularly in liver and spleen ³⁵. Those suffering from gout are generally advised to limit or avoid organ meats due to their high purine content ³. Individuals with known vitamin A toxicity or already consuming high amounts of vitamin A should exercise caution ³⁷. Pregnant women are typically advised to avoid or limit consumption of foods and supplements high in vitamin A, such as liver, due to the risk of adverse effects on fetal development ³². People with severe liver disease should consult their doctor before taking these supplements ³². Additionally, individuals with irritable bowel disorders or other pre-existing digestive issues may experience increased discomfort ³².

It is crucial to recognize that the dietary supplement market is largely unregulated, which raises concerns about the potential for inconsistent product quality, inaccurate labeling, and the presence of ineffective or even harmful substances ².

Given these potential risks, it is essential for individuals considering beef organ supplements to be well-informed and to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if they have any pre-existing health conditions or are taking other medications. Choosing reputable brands that prioritize quality sourcing and transparent testing can also help mitigate some of these risks.

Ingredients and Manufacturing Processes

The ingredients found in commercially available beef organ supplements typically include a variety of bovine organs, either as a complex blend or as single-organ formulations ¹. A common combination found in many supplements includes liver, heart, kidney, spleen, and pancreas ¹. However, numerous products also focus on single organs, such as beef liver ¹⁴, beef heart ⁵, beef kidney ⁶, beef spleen ⁷, or beef pancreas ⁹.

The sourcing of these organs is a significant factor emphasized by many brands. A common practice is to source organs from grass-fed and grass-finished cattle, often from regions like New Zealand or Australia, which are perceived to have high standards for animal welfare and environmental practices ⁴. Some brands further specify organic sourcing, aiming to provide products free from added hormones, antibiotics, and herbicides ²⁵. Many manufacturers also claim their supplements are free from genetically modified organisms (GMOs), hormones, pesticides, fillers, and flow agents, appealing to consumers seeking clean and natural products ⁴. In some instances, supplements may include additional ingredients such as bone marrow, colostrum, or fruit powders, often intended to enhance the nutritional profile or provide synergistic benefits ²⁴.

The manufacturing process of beef organ supplements commonly involves freeze-drying the fresh organs ¹. This dehydration method is favored for its ability to preserve heat-sensitive nutrients, minerals, enzymes, and cofactors present in the organs ²⁵. Freeze-drying occurs at low temperatures, which helps to maintain the product’s nutritional value, taste, and appearance ⁵³. The process involves freezing the organs and then subjecting them to a vacuum environment, which allows the water content to sublimate, transitioning directly from a solid (ice) to a gaseous state (vapor) without becoming liquid ⁵¹. After freeze-drying, the organs are typically ground into a fine powder and then encapsulated for convenient consumption ¹. Some manufacturers specifically highlight that their products are non-defatted, meaning the fat content of the organs is retained during processing. This is intended to preserve fat-soluble vitamins such as A, D, E, and K, which are naturally present in organ meats ⁴.

The emphasis on sourcing from grass-fed or organic cattle and utilizing freeze-drying methods reflects an industry trend towards providing high-quality supplements that are perceived as more natural and nutrient-rich. By minimizing processing and avoiding the use of artificial additives, manufacturers aim to appeal to consumers seeking whole-food-based nutritional support.

Dosage and Usage Guidelines

Recommended dosages for beef organ supplements vary considerably depending on the brand, the specific organs included in the formulation, and the intended health benefits ⁴. For multi-organ complex supplements, a common recommendation is to take 3 to 6 capsules daily ⁴. For example, Codeage Grass Fed Beef Organs suggests 3 to 6 capsules per day ²⁶, while Ancestral Supplements Beef Organs recommends six capsules daily ⁴. Heart & Soil Beef Organs also suggests six capsules once daily, with an initial lower dose for those new to organ supplements ²⁹. MK Supplements Grass-Fed Beef Organs recommends four capsules daily, with the option to increase to eight for individuals with higher nutritional needs ¹³. Nutriest suggests a higher dosage of 8 capsules daily for their beef organ complex ⁵⁶. Ape Nutrition provides a broader range of 1 to 6 capsules daily for both their beef organs and beef liver supplements ⁵⁵. Cell Squared recommends 4 to 6 capsules daily for their liver and heart supplements, with an optimal serving size of 6 capsules ⁵⁹.

Dosage recommendations for single-organ supplements also vary. For Codeage’s beef kidney supplement, the suggested intake is 3 to 6 capsules daily ¹⁸. Nutriest recommends 8 capsules daily for their beef heart and beef spleen supplements ⁸. Ape Nutrition’s beef liver supplement suggests 1 to 6 capsules daily ⁵⁸. Cell Squared’s organic beef kidney capsules advise taking 4 to 6 capsules daily ⁶⁵, while their beef liver capsules also recommend 4 to 6 capsules, with 6 being optimal ⁵⁹.

Some brands provide information on the equivalent raw organ weight per serving, which can help consumers understand the amount of whole food they are getting. For instance, Cell Squared indicates that one serving (6 capsules) of their beef liver capsules is equivalent to up to 18g of raw beef liver ⁴⁷. Ape Nutrition notes that it takes roughly 15g of raw beef organs to create 6 of their capsules ⁵⁵.

Generally, it is recommended to take these supplements with water, and they can often be consumed with or without food ¹⁸. Some specific guidelines exist for certain organs; for example, Ancestral Supplements suggests taking their beef kidney supplement 10 minutes before histamine-rich foods ⁶⁶.

A consistent theme across manufacturers is the recommendation for consistency in usage to achieve the best results ¹⁹. Furthermore, most brands advise consulting with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, particularly for individuals with pre-existing medical conditions, those who are pregnant or breastfeeding, or those taking other medications ³.

The lack of standardized dosage recommendations across different brands highlights the importance of consulting with a healthcare professional to determine an appropriate dosage based on individual health needs and the specific product being considered.

Scientific Evidence and Research Analysis

The scientific evidence specifically examining the health benefits of beef organ supplements is limited, with a notable absence of robust human clinical trials ³. Much of the rationale for their use is extrapolated from the well-established nutritional profiles of whole organ meats ³.

Some studies on the consumption of whole organ meats suggest potential health benefits. For instance, beef liver, rich in iron, has been associated with improved iron levels and energy ⁵. The high vitamin A content in liver is recognized for its role in vision and immune function ⁷⁸. Beef heart, a rich source of CoQ10, has been linked to cardiovascular health ⁵. Additionally, a study found an association between higher consumption of animal organ meat and a lower prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) ⁸¹.

However, research specifically on beef organ supplements is less conclusive. Studies on spleen extract as a therapeutic supplement have yielded limited scientific evidence, with many existing studies considered outdated by current research standards ⁸⁶. Furthermore, research on adrenal support supplements derived from animal glands revealed the presence of thyroid and steroid hormones, raising potential safety concerns ³. A study involving the injection of bovine liver extract did not demonstrate improvement in fatigue for individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) ³⁸. Notably, a 2020 study assessing beef liver supplements in the United States found that a majority of manufacturers made “noncompliant nutrient content claims,” indicating potential issues with the accuracy of product labeling ³.

While the nutritional density of organ meats is well-documented, the translation of these benefits to supplement form requires further investigation through rigorous human clinical trials. The current evidence primarily supports the consumption of whole organ meats as part of a balanced diet, with limited direct scientific backing for the specific health claims associated with beef organ supplements. The nutritional composition of whole foods and supplements, as well as their bioavailability, may differ, influencing their effects on the body.

Comparative Analysis of Brands and Products

The market for beef organ supplements features a diverse array of brands and products, each with variations in organ composition, sourcing practices, processing methods, and pricing ⁴.

Several brands offer multi-organ complex supplements. Ancestral Supplements’ “Grass Fed Beef Organs” contains liver, heart, kidney, pancreas, and spleen sourced from grass-fed cattle in New Zealand and Australia ⁴. Heart & Soil’s “Beef Organs” also includes a blend of grass-fed and finished liver, heart, pancreas, spleen, and kidney ²⁴. MK Supplements’ “Grass-Fed Beef Organs” provides a similar combination, emphasizing sourcing from grass-fed, pasture-raised cattle and freeze-drying ¹³. Codeage offers “Grass Fed Beef Organs” with liver, heart, kidney, pancreas, and spleen from grass-fed, grass-finished, and pasture-raised beef ²⁶. Nutriest’s “Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Organ Complex Supplement” also features a blend of these five key organs ²⁵.

Other brands focus on single-organ supplements. For beef liver, options include Ancestral Supplements’ “Grass Fed Beef Liver” ⁴, Basic Nutrition’s “Grass Fed Beef Liver Capsules” sourced from New Zealand ⁴⁰, Smidge’s “Beef Liver” from grass-fed New Zealand beef ¹⁴, and Trace Minerals’ “Beef Liver” from pasture-raised New Zealand cattle ¹². For beef heart, Ancestral Supplements offers “Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Heart” ⁵, Codeage provides “Grass-Fed Beef Heart” with added beef liver ⁴², and Nutriest has “Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Heart Supplement” ⁶⁴. Beef kidney supplements are available from Ancestral Supplements as “Grass Fed Beef Kidney Supplement” ¹⁰, Codeage as “Grass-Fed Beef Kidney” ¹⁸, and Nutriest as “Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Kidney Supplement” ¹⁷. For beef spleen, Ancestral Supplements offers “Primal Iron Grass Fed Beef Spleen” ²¹, Codeage has “Grass-Fed Beef Spleen” ²⁰, and Nutriest provides “Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Spleen Supplement” ⁸. Beef pancreas supplements are available from Ancestral Supplements as “Grass Fed Beef Pancreas” ¹⁰, Codeage as “Grass-Fed Beef Pancreas” ⁷⁴, and Nutriest as “Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Pancreas Supplement” ²².

Sourcing is a key differentiator, with many brands highlighting grass-fed and often specifying the geographic origin, such as New Zealand or Australia, known for their pasture-based farming. Processing methods are also a point of differentiation, with freeze-drying being the most common to preserve nutrient integrity. The presence or absence of fillers, additives, and common allergens is another factor consumers consider. Some brands, like Heart & Soil, formulate products targeting specific health goals, such as “Whole Package” for hormone support and “Gut & Digestion” for digestive issues ²⁴. Price points and serving sizes also vary across brands and product types.

*Note: Price per serving is an approximate calculation based on available online pricing for standard bottle sizes and recommended dosages. It can vary based on retailer and promotions.

The variety of products available allows consumers to choose supplements based on their specific needs and preferences regarding organ composition, sourcing, and price. The emphasis on quality sourcing and processing by many brands indicates an effort to cater to health-conscious consumers seeking premium nutritional supplements.

Conclusion and Recommendations

Beef organ supplements represent a concentrated source of various essential nutrients found in bovine organs. They are purported to offer numerous health benefits, largely mirroring the known functions of their constituent vitamins, minerals, peptides, and enzymes. While the nutritional density of organ meats is well-established, the scientific evidence specifically supporting the efficacy of beef organ supplements for various health outcomes remains limited, with a lack of extensive human clinical trials.

Potential risks and contraindications, such as vitamin A toxicity and the risk of BSE (though low), along with digestive issues and potential interactions, necessitate a cautious approach to their use. The unregulated nature of the supplement market further underscores the importance of informed decision-making and selecting high-quality products from reputable manufacturers.

Individuals considering beef organ supplements should consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if they have pre-existing health conditions, are pregnant or breastfeeding, or are taking other medications. It is advisable to consider individual health needs and potential risks, such as iron overload or gout. When choosing a supplement, prioritize brands that emphasize grass-fed or organic sourcing, utilize freeze-drying methods for nutrient preservation, and are transparent about their ingredients and testing procedures. Starting with a low dosage to assess tolerance and gradually increasing as needed, while monitoring the body’s response, is also recommended.

In conclusion, while beef organ supplements can provide a convenient source of concentrated nutrients, they should not be viewed as a replacement for a balanced diet of whole foods. The decision to incorporate these supplements into one’s health regimen should be made with careful consideration of the available evidence, potential risks, and individual health status, ideally in consultation with a healthcare professional.

Works cited

1. www.menshealth.com, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.menshealth.com/health/a63560567/guide-to-organ-supplements/#:~:text=ORGAN%20SUPPLEMENTS%2C%20ALSO%20sometimes%20called,suitable%20for%20vegetarians%20or%20vegans.
2. Are Organ Complex Supplements Good for You? Here’s What to Know – Banner Health, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/teach-me/are-organ-complex-supplements-good-for-you
3. Beef Organ Supplement Benefits: Is the Hype Justified? – Everyday Health, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.everydayhealth.com/diet-nutrition/what-are-organ-complex-supplements-and-will-they-make-you-healthier/
4. Grass Fed Beef Organs Supplement – Ancestral Supplements, accessed March 26, 2025, https://ancestralsupplements.com/products/grass-fed-beef-organs-liver-heart-kidney-pancreas-spleen-1
5. Grass Fed Beef Heart – Ancestral Supplements, accessed March 26, 2025, https://ancestralsupplements.com/products/grass-fed-desiccated-beef-heart-by-ancestral-supplements-1
6. Grass-Fed Bovine Kidney – Ergomax, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.ergomaxsupplements.com/ancestral-supplements-grass-fed-beef-kidney
7. Grass-Fed Beef Spleen | Nature’s Iron – APE Nutrition Ltd, accessed March 26, 2025, https://apenutrition.co.uk/products/grass-fed-beef-spleen-natures-iron
8. Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Spleen Supplement – Nutriest®, accessed March 26, 2025, https://nutriest.eu/products/grass-fed-desiccated-beef-spleen-supplement/
9. Thrive Beef Pancreas – 90g – The Hungry Pooch Lakeshore, accessed March 26, 2025, https://lakeshore.thehungrypooch.com/product/thrive-beef-pancreas-90g/
10. Ancestral Supplements Grass Fed Beef Pancreas Supplement, 500mg, Pancreatic Support with Proteolytic Digestive Enzymes for Digestion Support, Including Trypsin, Non GMO, 180 Capsules – Amazon.com, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.amazon.com/Ancestral-Supplements-Grass-Fed-Pancreas/dp/B0734FP2W4
11. Organ Meats Are Incredibly Nutritious and Healthy – Healthline, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/organ-meats
12. Stay Supported With Beef Organs – Trace Minerals, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.traceminerals.com/products/beef-organs
13. Grass-Fed Beef Organs | MK Supplements, accessed March 26, 2025, https://shop.michaelkummer.com/products/freeze-dried-beef-organs
14. Grass-Fed Beef Liver Supplements | Smidge®, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.getsmidge.com/products/beef-liver-capsules
15. Beef Liver Capsules Vitamin & Mineral Profile – Ancestral Nutrition, accessed March 26, 2025, https://ancestralnutrition.com.au/blogs/ancestral-nutrition-resources/liver-capsules-vitamin-mineral-profile
16. Nordic Kings Organic Grass Fed Beef Heart – The Arctic Pure, accessed March 26, 2025, https://thearcticpure.com/products/nordic-kings-organic-grass-fed-beef-heart
17. Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Kidney Supplement – Nutriest®, accessed March 26, 2025, https://nutriest.eu/products/grassfed-desiccated-beef-kidney-supplement-capsules/
18. Codeage Grass Fed Beef Kidney Freeze Dried Desiccated Supplement, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.codeage.com/products/beef-kidney
19. Grass-Fed Beef Heart & Spleen – MK Supplements – Michael Kummer, accessed March 26, 2025, https://shop.michaelkummer.com/products/freeze-dried-heart-spleen
20. Codeage Grass Fed Beef Spleen Freeze Dried Desiccated Supplement, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.codeage.com/products/beef-spleen
21. Primal Iron – Grass Fed Beef Spleen Capsules – Ancestral Nutrition, accessed March 26, 2025, https://ancestralnutrition.com.au/products/primal-iron-grass-fed-beef-spleen
22. Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Pancreas Supplement – Nutriest®, accessed March 26, 2025, https://nutriest.eu/products/grass-fed-desiccated-beef-pancreas-supplement/
23. Grass-Fed Beef Pancreas – Ergomax, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.ergomaxsupplements.com/ancestral-supplements-grass-fed-beef-pancreas
24. Heart & Soil Supplements – Desiccated Organ Supplements, accessed March 26, 2025, https://heartandsoil.co/
25. Grass Fed Beef Organ Supplements – #1 In The EU | Nutriest®, accessed March 26, 2025, https://nutriest.eu/
26. Codeage Grass Fed Beef Organs Freeze Dried Desiccated Supplement, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.codeage.com/products/beef-organs
27. Codeage Grass-fed Beef Organs Pasture-raised Non-defatted Glandular Supplement – 180ct – Target, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.target.com/p/codeage-grass-fed-beef-organs-pasture-raised-non-defatted-supplement-freeze-dried-180ct/-/A-86484089
28. Force Factor Primal Origins Beef Organ Supplement Made with Pasture-Raised, Grass Fed Beef, 150 Capsules – Walmart.com, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.walmart.com/ip/Force-Factor-Primal-Origins-Beef-Organ-Supplement-Made-with-Pasture-Raised-Grass-Fed-Beef-150-Capsules/5318328577
29. Beef Organ Supplements | Health + Vitality | Heart & Soil, accessed March 26, 2025, https://shop.heartandsoil.co/products/beef-organs
30. 8 Benefits of Organic Beef Organ Supplements – The Rocky Mountain Collegian, accessed March 26, 2025, https://collegian.com/sponsored/2025/03/8-benefits-of-organic-beef-organ-supplements/
31. Unlocking the Benefits of Beef Organ Supplements: A Comprehensive Guide to Nutrient-Rich Wellness, accessed March 26, 2025, https://capitalfarms.com/blogs/best-beef-near-you-real-local-beef/unlocking-the-benefits-of-beef-organ-supplements-a-comprehensive-guide-to-nutrient-rich-wellness
32. Reduce Side Effects of Beef Liver Supplements: Why Going Organic Matters – Nutriest, accessed March 26, 2025, https://nutriest.eu/side-effects-of-beef-liver-supplements/
33. Vitamin A Toxicity: Does Beef Liver Contain Too Much Vitamin A?, accessed March 26, 2025, https://blog.hirschorganic.com/vitamin-a-toxicity-does-beef-liver-contain-too-much-vitamin-a/
34. Beef liver: Nutrition, benefits, and risks – Medical News Today, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/beef-liver-nutrition
35. Benefits and Risks of Organ Meat – Cleveland Clinic Health Essentials, accessed March 26, 2025, https://health.clevelandclinic.org/organ-meat-benefits
36. Are Beef Liver Supplements Safe? | Melrose Health Insights, accessed March 26, 2025, https://melrosehealth.com.au/blogs/health-hub/are-beef-liver-supplements-safe
37. www.menshealth.com, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.menshealth.com/health/a63560567/guide-to-organ-supplements/#:~:text=People%20with%20conditions%20like%20hemochromatosis,talk%20to%20their%20doctor%20first.&text=These%20individuals%20should%20also%20avoid%20organ%20supplements%2C%20Johnson%20adds.
38. LIVER EXTRACT: Overview, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions, Interactions, Dosing and Reviews – WebMD, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-1010/liver-extract
39. Animal-Based Complete: Grass-Fed Beef Protein, Organ, & Fruit Powder, accessed March 26, 2025, https://lineageprovisions.com/products/animal-based-complete-grass-fed-beef-protein-organ-fruit-powder
40. Basic Nutrition Grass-fed Beef Liver Capsules, Vitamin-rich Superfood, Pasture-raised, Undefatted, No Pesticides Or Hormones, For Immune Support – Target, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.target.com/p/basic-nutrition-grass-fed-beef-liver-capsules-vitamin-rich-superfood-pasture-raised-undefatted-no-pesticides-or-hormones-for-immune-support/-/A-91574143
41. Ancestral Supplements Grass Fed Beef Liver 180 Capsules, Supports Energy Production, Detoxification, Digestion, Immunity and Full Body Wellness, Non-GMO, Freeze Dried Liver Health Supplement – Amazon.com, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.amazon.com/Ancestral-Supplements-Grass-Liver-Desiccated/dp/B01MSBZYQW
42. Codeage Grass Fed Beef Heart Freeze Dried Desiccated Supplement, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.codeage.com/products/beef-heart
43. Grass-Fed Beef Kidney – Pasture-Raised & Non-Defatted Glandular Supplement (180 Capsules) by Codeage at the Vitamin Shoppe, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.vitaminshoppe.com/p/grass-fed-beef-kidney-180-capsules/cdg-10103
44. Buy Ancestral Nourishment – Grass-Fed Beef Kidney Supplements Online | Faithful to Nature, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.faithful-to-nature.co.za/ancestral-nourishment-grass-fed-beef-kidney-supplements
45. Grass Fed Beef Pancreas, 550 mg, 200 Quick Release Capsules – Piping Rock, accessed March 26, 2025, https://m.pipingrock.com/beef-organs/grass-fed-beef-pancreas-550-mg-200-quick-release-capsules-17971
46. Beef Liver & Offal Capsules and Powders | Organic & Aussie Made – Chief Nutrition, accessed March 26, 2025, https://wearechief.com/en-us/collections/beef-liver-offal-capsules
47. Shop ‘Nose To Tail’ Organic Beef Organs Supplements | Cell Squared, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.cellsquared.com.au/collections/beef-organ-supplements
48. Beef Liver & Offal Capsules and Powders | Organic & Aussie Made – Chief Nutrition, accessed March 26, 2025, https://wearechief.com/collections/beef-liver-offal-capsules
49. Ancestral Supplements: Restore Vitality & Shop Health Supplements, accessed March 26, 2025, https://ancestralsupplements.com/
50. Grass Fed Beef Liver Capsules – Premium Beef Organs Supplement – TikTok Shop, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.tiktok.com/shop/pdp/grass-fed-beef-liver-capsules-by-clean-nutra-with-3000mg-organ-support/1729400147428151828
51. Freeze Drying Process: How We Preserve Nutrients in Our Supplements – Aliment Nutrition, accessed March 26, 2025, https://alimentnutrition.co.uk/blogs/news/freeze-drying-process-supplements
52. Make Your OWN Beef Liver Supplements (Freeze-Dryer or Dehydrator) – YouTube, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gqL4vhLgznE
53. Freeze Drying: How It Works, Benefits, and How-to – Healthline, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/freeze-drying
54. Freeze drying – Wikipedia, accessed March 26, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeze_drying
55. Grass-Fed Beef Organs – APE Nutrition, accessed March 26, 2025, https://apenutrition.co.uk/products/grass-fed-beef-organs
56. Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Organ Complex Supplement – Nutriest®, accessed March 26, 2025, https://nutriest.eu/products/grass-fed-desiccated-beef-organ-complex-supplement/
57. Essential Beef Organs * – StHealthy Hunter, accessed March 26, 2025, https://sthealthyhunter.com/product/essential-beef-organs/
58. Grass-Fed Beef Liver – APE Nutrition Ltd, accessed March 26, 2025, https://apenutrition.co.uk/products/grass-fed-beef-liver
59. Organic Grass-Fed Beef Liver Capsules – Nature’s Nutrient Powerhouse – Cell Squared, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.cellsquared.com.au/products/organic-beef-liver-capsules
60. Beef Liver Powder | Grass Fed & Finished NZ Beef – Mitchells Nutrition, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.mitchellsnutrition.com/products/beef-liver-powder
61. Why You Should Ditch Your Multivitamin for Beef Liver Capsules? – Chief Nutrition, accessed March 26, 2025, https://wearechief.com/en-us/blogs/articles/why-you-should-ditch-your-multivitamin-for-beef-liver-capsules
62. Organic Grass-Fed Beef Heart Capsules – Cell Squared, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.cellsquared.com.au/products/organic-beef-heart-capsules
63. Ancestral Supplements Grass Fed Beef Heart Supplement, 3300mg, CoQ10 Supplement Supports Heart and Mitochondrial Health, Non-GMO, 180 Capsules – Amazon.com, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.amazon.com/Ancestral-Supplements-Grass-Heart-Desiccated/dp/B0714PXKCQ
64. Grass Fed Desiccated Beef Heart Supplement – Nutriest®, accessed March 26, 2025, https://nutriest.eu/products/grass-fed-desiccated-beef-heart-supplement/
65. Organic Grass-Fed Beef Kidney Capsules – Cell Squared, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.cellsquared.com.au/products/organic-beef-kidney-capsules
66. Grass Fed Beef Kidney, 180 capsules Ancestral Supplements – YourHealthBasket, accessed March 26, 2025, https://yourhealthbasket.co.uk/product/grass-fed-beef-kidney-180-capsules-ancestral-supplements/
67. Codeage Beef Kidney Supplement – Grass Fed – GNC, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.gnc.com/herbs-superfoods/585066.html
68. Grass Fed Beef Kidney – Sign in – Fullscript, accessed March 26, 2025, https://ca.fullscript.com/catalog/products/grass-fed-beef-kidney/U3ByZWU6OlZhcmlhbnQtMTAyNTgwOTQ0OQ==
69. Codeage – Grass-Fed Beef Spleen – 180 Capsules – GNC, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.gnc.com/herbs-superfoods/585143.html
70. Organic Beef Spleen & Liver Capsules – Cell Squared, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.cellsquared.com.au/products/organic-beef-liver-spleen-capsules
71. Grass-Fed Beef Spleen – Sign In To Full Script, accessed March 26, 2025, https://ca.fullscript.com/catalog/products/grass-fed-beef-spleen/U3ByZWU6OlZhcmlhbnQtMTAyNTgwOTgwNQ==
72. Thrive Beef Pancreas – 90 g – Big Country Raw, accessed March 26, 2025, https://bigcountryraw.ca/product/thrive-beef-pancreas/
73. Thrive Beef Pancreas – Homes Alive Pets, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.homesalive.ca/thrive-bovine-pancreatic-enzyme.html
74. Codeage Grass Fed Beef Pancreas Freeze Dried Desiccated Supplement, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.codeage.com/products/beef-pancreas
75. Organic Beef Pancreas – Canine Ceuticals, accessed March 26, 2025, https://canineceuticals.com.au/products/organic-beef-pancreas
76. Organic Beef Pancreas – Canine Ceuticals – XLR8 YOUR HEALTH, accessed March 26, 2025, https://xlr8yourhealth.com/shop/p/organic-beef-pancreas-canine-ceuticals
77. Are There Health Benefits to Eating Organ Meat? – WebMD, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.webmd.com/diet/health-benefits-organ-meat
78. 4 Health Benefits of Beef Liver, accessed March 26, 2025, https://health.clevelandclinic.org/beef-liver-benefits
79. Eating Grass Fed Organ Meats: Health Info, Taste & Selections, accessed March 26, 2025, https://grassrootscoop.com/blogs/recipes/eating-grass-fed-organ-meats-health-info-taste-selections
80. What is offal? Here’s why organ neat is healthy and sustainable – Colorado State University, accessed March 26, 2025, https://source.colostate.edu/offal-organ-meat-facts-nutrition/
81. Higher consumption of animal organ meat is associated with a lower prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis – PubMed Central, accessed March 26, 2025, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10598295/
82. Beef Liver Capsules – Proof of Concept Development | Meat & Livestock Australia – MLA, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.mla.com.au/research-and-development/reports/2019/beef-liver-capsules–proof-of-concept-development/
83. Grass-Fed Bovine Spleen – Ergomax, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.ergomaxsupplements.com/ancestral-supplements-grass-fed-beef-spleen
84. Beef Heart for Heart Health – Perfect Supplements Australia, accessed March 26, 2025, https://perfectsupplementsaustralia.com.au/blogs/blog/beef-heart-for-heart-health
85. Desiccated Bovine Heart Supplements – Grass-Fed | Radiant Life, accessed March 26, 2025, https://radiantlifecatalog.com/desiccated-heart/
86. www.ebsco.com, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/nutrition-and-dietetics/spleen-extract-therapeutic-supplement#:~:text=Some%20manufacturers%20of%20glandular%20products,uniquely%20available%20in%20animal%20spleens.
87. Spleen extract as a therapeutic supplement | EBSCO Research Starters, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/nutrition-and-dietetics/spleen-extract-therapeutic-supplement
88. Bovine Liver Supplement Labeling Practices and Compliance With U.S. Regulations – Chapman University Digital Commons, accessed March 26, 2025, https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1050&context=food_science_articles
89. Support Your Organs With Beef Liver Capsules – Trace Minerals, accessed March 26, 2025, https://www.traceminerals.com/products/beef-liver